[目的/意义]公共借阅权用以补偿作者因公共图书馆提供其作品予公众借阅而承受的潜在损失，或者作为政府对艺术的支持而产生，其权利观念源于德国，是著作权人意识和社会经济文化发展的产物。管理系统、评估系统等构成了公共借阅权制度的外部构造；客体、主体、内容、救济等构成了该制度的内部构造。公共借阅权制度的正当性基础在于鼓励创作，加速知识产能的利用和转化。[方法/过程]基于该制度具有鼓励文化创新、丰富文化市场的生产性功能，并对社会利用作品所生之利益进行再分配。比较法上的实证数据表明，除极个别例外，公共借阅权制度不会对公共图书馆借阅活动造成影响。数字经济时代下，该制度出现了更为重要的应用前景。[结果/结论]从我国目前社会、文化和其他方面发展情况看，在第三次著作权法修改中有引进该制度的必要。

[Purpose/significance] The public lending right is used to compensate the author for the potential losses incurred by the public in providing the work of the library for public lending, or as the governmental support for the arts, to finance books, music or other works of art. Germany authors originally came up with the idea of this right, which is due to the combination of the awareness of copyright owner and the economy and cultural development. The external regime of this right consists of administration system, evaluation system and etc., the internal structure including subjects, objects, content, relief etc. The legitimacy of this system is based on encouraging creation and accelerating the utilization and transformation of knowledge production capacity. [Method/process] This system is functioning as the encouragement of cultural production and the reallocation method of economic interests. The empirical data on comparative studies show that this right does little harm to the public libraries’lending activities with only a few exceptions. In the era of the digital economy, more chance of application of this right keep showing up. [Result/conclusion] It is necessary to transplant it to China according to China’s development of economy, culture, and society. Ruling it in copyright law is applicable.