The paper had carried out quantitative statistics on relevant literature at home and abroad, resolved the current research hotspots, analyzed the new problems faced by scientific data sharing in the era of big data, and predicted some possible research directions. The authors found that, the research hotspots of scientific data sharing are mainly focused on ethical theory, ethical dilemmas, and causes governance measures and so on. In the era of big data, scientific data sharing faces new issues, such as data boundary expansion, various data structures, and blurred data rights. Future research can focus on issues such as the data divide, data pollution, data privacy protection, and data dissimilation.