Abstracts: [Purpose/significance] Library science is facing the bottleneck of discipline development at present.Rethinking the discipline orientation and looking for the future development direction is a common concern. [Method/process] Using the historical research method,and taking Southeast University as investigation sample, which is a keyposition of library science education in the early stage of modern library science in China. Based on sufficient literatureabout Hong Fanwu and Zhang Housheng, two directors of Southeast University library, describes the tortuous process oflibrary science education and library practice in China. [Result/conclusion] Historical investigation shows that libraryscience education and library practice complement each other. The separation of the two,will inevitably affect the development of library and library science. For library science research, it will generalize the research field and hollow theresearch subject; and for library practice, it will lose the theoretical guidance of library science and the professionalidentity. Building a"library science community",consolidating the professional foundation, inheriting the academic tradition of literature research, and unifying library science education and library practice, that is not only one way tosolve the dilemma of library science education,but also an important symbol of cultivating modern library scholars andprofessional librarians.