[Purpose/significance] The article explores the relationship between the supply subjects of the new public reading space from the perspective of symbiosis theory, and provides a new perspective for optimizing the relationship between the supply subjects. [Method/process] The article firstly clarifies the applicability of symbiosis theory to the study of inter-subject relationships in the supply of new public reading space from the three elements of symbiosis unit, symbiosis mode and symbiosis environment, and then analyzes the current situation of inter- subject relationships in the supply of new public reading space in Hu′nan Province by using the fieldwork method and the in-depth interview method. [Result/conclusion] The study found that at present, there are problems such as different interests of supply subjects among supply subjects of new public reading space, insufficient collaboration and interaction among supply subjects, and insufficient support of policies and cultural environment. Finally, solution paths such as optimizing symbi⁃ otic units, improving symbiotic modes and cultivating symbiotic environments are proposed to address these problems.