[Purpose/significance] Open government data is an important way to develop and use data elements, and public participation is an important part of it. However, the deviation between the public use willingness and behavior hinders the realization of data value. [Method/process] Based on the AMO-TPB theoretical framework, a research model was established, and 550 members of the public in the Yangtze River Delta region were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey. The causes of the deviation were clarified by regression analysis. Meanwhile, based on the inter⁃pretative structural model, the action paths of the causes were determined, and then effective ways to transform the pub⁃lic use willingness into behavior was explained. [Result/conclusion] Perceived behavioral control, behavioral attitude,complete facilities, data quality and risk attitude are the causes of deviation between public use willingness and behav⁃ior. Among them, complete facilities, data quality and risk attitude will affect perceived behavioral control and behavior⁃
al attitude respectively, and then affect deviation between public use willingness and behavior.