[Purpose/significance] This study aims to identify the influencing factors of enterprise application innovation behavior in Open Government Data (OGD) and to uncover the underlying driving mechanisms, thereby providing a theoretical foundation and practical insights for stimulating enterprise application innovation and advancing China's digital economy. [Method/process] Based on the TOE framework, this study preliminarily identifies the influencing factors of enterprise application innovation behavior in OGD. Integrating the "sheep-grass ecosystem" multi-agent model, a multi-agent model of enterprise application innovation behavior in OGD is constructed on the NetLogo platform. Simulation experiments are conducted sequentially to assess the driving effects and efficacy of these factors. [Result/conclusion] Enterprise application innovation behavior is driven by the level of government open data resource development, enterprise application innovation readiness, and market demand. These correspond to the data element empowerment mechanism, innovation readiness promotion mechanism, and market demand catalysis mechanism, respectively. Moreover, throughout the development of OGD, the efficacy of each influencing factor evolves dynamically.