[目的/意义]从制度的角度，调查美国隐私影响评估的制度支持，为我国隐私影响评估制度构建提供参 考，为政府保护公民隐私提供工具。[方法/过程]文章利用文献调研和案例分析的研究方法，以美国为例，通过对 文献资料和网站内容的调查，获取一手资料阐述美国隐私影响评估制度的发展历程，对隐私影响评估制度的适用 情形、隐私影响评估审核与发布流程、隐私影响评估目的与意义、隐私影响评估方法的具体实施进行梳理，并在此 基础上分析美国隐私影响评估制度的相互关系以及优缺点。[结果/结论]美国隐私影响评估制度优点在于注重风 险分析的安全控制、强调政府内部监管、关注隐私影响评估结果公开、强调隐私影响评估更新，不足在于缺乏公民 参与、隐私影响评估制度执行不力。美国隐私影响评估制度对我国个人信息安全风险评估制度构建与完善有借 鉴意义，尤其是构建隐私风险管理体系、注重外部监督、加强评估结果公开发布、及时更新评估。

[Purpose/significance] From the perspective of system, this paper investigates the system support of the Privacy Impact Assessment（PIA）in the United States to provide reference for the system formulation of the privacy im? pact assessment in China and provide tools for the government to protect citizens' privacy. [Method/process] Using the research methods of literature research and case analysis, taking the United States as an example, this paper ex? pounds the development process of the privacy impact assessment system in the United States by obtaining first-hand materials through the investigation of literature and website contents, and combs the application of PIA system, PIA au? dit and release process, PIA purpose and significance, and the specific implementation of PIA method. On this basis, it analyzes the interrelationship between the privacy impact assessment system in the United States and the pros and cons. [Result/conclusions] The advantages of the PIA system in the United States lie in the security control of risk analysis, the emphasis on internal government supervision, the focus on the disclosure of PIA, and the emphasis on the update of PIA. The disadvantages lie in the lack of citizen participation and the poor implementation of PIA system. The privacy impact assessment system of the United States has reference significance for the construction and improvement of China's personal information security risk assessment system, especially the construction of privacy risk management system, focusing on external supervision, strengthening the public release of assessment results, and timely updating as? sessment.