[目的/意义]预印本平台是学术研究成果的早期发布平台，作为学科建制的一部分，分析其学科化特征和创新发展路径，有利于其更精准服务学科发展的需要。[方法/过程]通过文献分析和网络调研的方法，首先分析学科分类、学科建制与学术成果发表之间的关系；其次，通过描述国内外预印本平台的学科化特征，分析其在学科建制下面临的问题与挑战；最后，基于学科建制对预印本平台创新发展提出路径建议。[结果/结论]预印本平台发展需要在以下几个方面发力：凝聚学术共同体的力量，打造各学科的高质量成果集散地；服务学科建设需求，推动交叉学科等新领域的学术发展；充分利用现代数字技术手段，实现人机协作的知识生产方式。

[Purpose/significance] The preprint platform is an early publishing platform for academic research. As a part of the disciplinary institution, analyzing preprint platforms’disciplinary characteristics and innovative develop⁃ment path is beneficial for them to serve the needs of disciplinary development more accurately. [Method/process]Through literature analysis and online research, firstly, analyze the relationship between discipline classification, disci⁃pline institution, and academic publication; secondly, by describing the disciplinary characteristics of preprint plat⁃forms of China and abroad, analyze the problems and challenges they face under disciplinary institution; finally, based on the disciplinary institution, suggestions for the innovative development of preprint platforms are proposed. [Result/conclusion] The development of preprint platforms needs to focus on the following aspects: consolidating the strength of the academic community and creating a high-quality distribution center for various disciplines; to serve the disci⁃pline construction demand and promote academic development in new fields such as interdisciplinary studies; fully uti⁃lize modern digital technology to achieve a knowledge production mode of human-machine collaboration.