[目的/意义]医疗服务的数字化转型加剧了老年群体的技术适应困境，既有研究虽聚焦数字鸿沟的年龄差异，却忽视衰老相关的生物性能力剥夺与技术-社会因素的交互作用。文章旨在构建“老年数字失能”（Age-Re⁃lated Digital Dysfunction，ARDD）概念，揭示其在就医情境下的表现与生成机制。[方法/过程]基于质性研究方法，对中国五省/自治区38名老年人开展半结构化深度访谈，收集其在就医全流程中的数字技术使用障碍、归因解释及应对策略。采用主题分析法进行编码，结合情境化阐释，提炼老年数字失能的表现维度与作用机制。[结果/结论]ARDD在就医情境中呈现三维度表现：操作性失能、理解性失能、决策性失能。其生成遵循“生物-技术-社会”
交互机制：年龄相关的认知-生理衰退是必要条件，技术排斥与社会支持缺位放大内在缺陷，共同催化系统性能力剥夺。由此，ARDD被定义为“因年龄增长引发的认知与生理功能衰退，在技术排斥性设计与社会支持断裂的交互作用下，导致老年人持续经历数字技术使用障碍的能力剥夺状态”。

[Purpose/significance] The digital transformation of healthcare services has exacerbated technological ad⁃aptation challenges among older adults. While existing studies emphasize age-related disparities in the digital divide,they neglect the interplay between biologically driven capability deprivation and techno-social factors. This study pro⁃poses the concept of“Age-Related Digital Dysfunction”(ARDD) and investigates its generative mechanisms to address theoretical gaps in understanding the“aging-technology antagonism”within digital inequality frameworks. [Method/process] Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 38 older adults from five Chinese provinces/autonomous regions. Data focused on their experiences of digital barriers across healthcare workflows, along with their causal attributions and coping strategies. Thematic analysis and contextual interpretation were employed to identify ARDD’s manifestations and generative pathways. [Result/conclusion] The findings reveal
that ARDD manifests in three dimensions: operational dysfunction, informational dysfunction, and decision-making dysfunction. ARDD’s generative mechanism follows a“bio-techno-social”interactive model: age-related cognitive and physiological decline acts as a necessary precondition, while technology-exclusionary designs and deficiencies in social support systems jointly exacerbate systemic deprivation of capabilities. ARDD is thus defined as“a state of per⁃sistent capability deprivation wherein intrinsic functional decline due to aging, compounded by techno-social exclu⁃sion, impedes older adults’effective engagement with digital technologies in healthcare.”